goconvey调研学习
goconvey是golang的测试框架
goconvey调研及学习goconvey概述安装快速开始：浏览器中查看测试结果goconvey的使用场景1、example_test2、bowling_game3、 assertion_example_test.go总结
goconvey调研及学习
goconvey概述
学习地址 官方例子 GoConvey是一款针对Golang的测试框架，可以管理和运行测试用例，同时提供了丰富的断言函数，并支持很多 Web 界面特性。
集成go test
可读的，带色彩的控制台输出
全自动Web UI
大量的回归测试套件
测试代码生成
安装
go get github.com/smartystreets/goconvey快速开始：
package package_name
import (
"testing"
. "github.com/smartystreets/goconvey/convey"
)
func TestSpec(t *testing.T) {
// Only pass t into top-level Convey calls
Convey("Given some integer with a starting value", t, func() {
x := 1
Convey("When the integer is incremented", func() {
x++
Convey("The value should be greater by one", func() {
So(x, ShouldEqual, 2)
})
})
})
}浏览器中查看测试结果
运行：
$GOPATH/bin/goconvey要是再windows中就去该路径下双击exe文件 浏览器访问:http://localhost:8080/ 就可以看到convey界面啦
当你的测试文件在哪个地址是就修改圈出来的文件目录，然后点击右侧的刷新，他自动会跑test，然后输出结果。
goconvey的使用场景
每个使用场景加上代码详细讲解
1、example_test
package examples
import (
"testing"
. "github.com/smartystreets/goconvey/convey"
)
func TestIntegerManipulation(t *testing.T) {
t.Parallel()
Convey("Given a starting integer value", t, func() {
x := 42
Convey("When incremented", func() {
x++
Convey("The value should be greater by one", func() {
So(x, ShouldEqual, 43)
})
Convey("The value should NOT be what it used to be", func() {
So(x, ShouldNotEqual, 42)
})
})
Convey("When decremented", func() {
x--
Convey("The value should be lesser by one", func() {
So(x, ShouldEqual, 41)
})
Convey("The value should NOT be what it used to be", func() {
So(x, ShouldNotEqual, 42)
})
})
})
}这边就一些简单的断言测试，对一个变量加减，用ShouldNotEqual和ShouldEqual来判断，当然还有更多的判断条件：
ShouldEqual = assertions.ShouldEqual
ShouldNotEqual = assertions.ShouldNotEqual
ShouldAlmostEqual = assertions.ShouldAlmostEqual
ShouldNotAlmostEqual = assertions.ShouldNotAlmostEqual
ShouldResemble = assertions.ShouldResemble
ShouldNotResemble = assertions.ShouldNotResemble
ShouldPointTo = assertions.ShouldPointTo
ShouldNotPointTo = assertions.ShouldNotPointTo
ShouldBeNil = assertions.ShouldBeNil
ShouldNotBeNil = assertions.ShouldNotBeNil
ShouldBeTrue = assertions.ShouldBeTrue
ShouldBeFalse = assertions.ShouldBeFalse
ShouldBeZeroValue = assertions.ShouldBeZeroValue
ShouldNotBeZeroValue = assertions.ShouldNotBeZeroValue
ShouldBeGreaterThan = assertions.ShouldBeGreaterThan
ShouldBeGreaterThanOrEqualTo = assertions.ShouldBeGreaterThanOrEqualTo
ShouldBeLessThan = assertions.ShouldBeLessThan
ShouldBeLessThanOrEqualTo = assertions.ShouldBeLessThanOrEqualTo
ShouldBeBetween = assertions.ShouldBeBetween
ShouldNotBeBetween = assertions.ShouldNotBeBetween
ShouldBeBetweenOrEqual = assertions.ShouldBeBetweenOrEqual
ShouldNotBeBetweenOrEqual = assertions.ShouldNotBeBetweenOrEqual
....还有好多，自己去发现吧2、bowling_game
bowling_game.go
package examples
// Game contains the state of a bowling game.
type Game struct {
rolls []int
current int
}
// NewGame allocates and starts a new game of bowling.
func NewGame() *Game {
game := new(Game)
game.rolls = make([]int, maxThrowsPerGame)
return game
}
// Roll rolls the ball and knocks down the number of pins specified by pins.
func (self *Game) Roll(pins int) {
self.rolls[self.current] = pins
self.current++
}
// Score calculates and returns the player's current score.
func (self *Game) Score() (sum int) {
for throw, frame := 0, 0; frame < framesPerGame; frame++ {
if self.isStrike(throw) {
sum += self.strikeBonusFor(throw)
throw += 1
} else if self.isSpare(throw) {
sum += self.spareBonusFor(throw)
throw += 2
} else {
sum += self.framePointsAt(throw)
throw += 2
}
}
return sum
}
// isStrike determines if a given throw is a strike or not. A strike is knocking
// down all pins in one throw.
func (self *Game) isStrike(throw int) bool {
return self.rolls[throw] == allPins
}
// strikeBonusFor calculates and returns the strike bonus for a throw.
func (self *Game) strikeBonusFor(throw int) int {
return allPins + self.framePointsAt(throw+1)
}
// isSpare determines if a given frame is a spare or not. A spare is knocking
// down all pins in one frame with two throws.
func (self *Game) isSpare(throw int) bool {
return self.framePointsAt(throw) == allPins
}
// spareBonusFor calculates and returns the spare bonus for a throw.
func (self *Game) spareBonusFor(throw int) int {
return allPins + self.rolls[throw+2]
}
// framePointsAt computes and returns the score in a frame specified by throw.
func (self *Game) framePointsAt(throw int) int {
return self.rolls[throw] + self.rolls[throw+1]
}
const (
// allPins is the number of pins allocated per fresh throw.
allPins = 10
// framesPerGame is the number of frames per bowling game.
framesPerGame = 10
// maxThrowsPerGame is the maximum number of throws possible in a single game.
maxThrowsPerGame = 21
)bowling_game_test.go
package examples
import (
"testing"
. "github.com/smartystreets/goconvey/convey"
)
func TestBowlingGameScoring(t *testing.T) {
Convey("Given a fresh score card", t, func() {
game := NewGame()
Convey("When all gutter balls are thrown", func() {
game.rollMany(20, 0)
Convey("The score should be zero", func() {
So(game.Score(), ShouldEqual, 0)
})
})
Convey("When all throws knock down only one pin", func() {
game.rollMany(20, 1)
Convey("The score should be 20", func() {
So(game.Score(), ShouldEqual, 20)
})
})
Convey("When a spare is thrown", func() {
game.rollSpare()
game.Roll(3)
game.rollMany(17, 0)
Convey("The score should include a spare bonus.", func() {
So(game.Score(), ShouldEqual, 16)
})
})
Convey("When a strike is thrown", func() {
game.rollStrike()
game.Roll(3)
game.Roll(4)
game.rollMany(16, 0)
Convey("The score should include a strike bonus.", func() {
So(game.Score(), ShouldEqual, 24)
})
})
Convey("When all strikes are thrown", func() {
game.rollMany(21, 10)
Convey("The score should be 300.", func() {
So(game.Score(), ShouldEqual, 300)
})
})
})
}
func (self *Game) rollMany(times, pins int) {
for x := 0; x < times; x++ {
self.Roll(pins)
}
}
func (self *Game) rollSpare() {
self.Roll(5)
self.Roll(5)
}
func (self *Game) rollStrike() {
self.Roll(10)
}这边的测试涉及到了具体的函数。但是没有对其中的函数进行打桩。我不知道
3、 assertion_example_test.go
package examples
import (
"bytes"
"io"
"testing"
"time"
. "github.com/smartystreets/goconvey/convey"
)
func TestAssertionsAreAvailableFromConveyPackage(t *testing.T) {
SetDefaultFailureMode(FailureContinues)
defer SetDefaultFailureMode(FailureHalts)
Convey("Equality assertions should be accessible", t, func() {
thing1a := thing{a: "asdf"}
thing1b := thing{a: "asdf"}
thing2 := thing{a: "qwer"}
So(1, ShouldEqual, 1)
So(1, ShouldNotEqual, 2)
So(1, ShouldAlmostEqual, 1.000000000000001)
So(1, ShouldNotAlmostEqual, 2, 0.5)
So(thing1a, ShouldResemble, thing1b)
So(thing1a, ShouldNotResemble, thing2)
So(&thing1a, ShouldPointTo, &thing1a)
So(&thing1a, ShouldNotPointTo, &thing1b)
So(nil, ShouldBeNil)
So(1, ShouldNotBeNil)
So(true, ShouldBeTrue)
So(false, ShouldBeFalse)
So(0, ShouldBeZeroValue)
So(1, ShouldNotBeZeroValue)
})
Convey("Numeric comparison assertions should be accessible", t, func() {
So(1, ShouldBeGreaterThan, 0)
So(1, ShouldBeGreaterThanOrEqualTo, 1)
So(1, ShouldBeLessThan, 2)
So(1, ShouldBeLessThanOrEqualTo, 1)
So(1, ShouldBeBetween, 0, 2)
So(1, ShouldNotBeBetween, 2, 4)
So(1, ShouldBeBetweenOrEqual, 1, 2)
So(1, ShouldNotBeBetweenOrEqual, 2, 4)
})
Convey("Container assertions should be accessible", t, func() {
So([]int{1, 2, 3}, ShouldContain, 2)
So([]int{1, 2, 3}, ShouldNotContain, 4)
So(map[int]int{1: 1, 2: 2, 3: 3}, ShouldContainKey, 2)
So(map[int]int{1: 1, 2: 2, 3: 3}, ShouldNotContainKey, 4)
So(1, ShouldBeIn, []int{1, 2, 3})
So(4, ShouldNotBeIn, []int{1, 2, 3})
So([]int{}, ShouldBeEmpty)
So([]int{1}, ShouldNotBeEmpty)
So([]int{1, 2}, ShouldHaveLength, 2)
})
Convey("String assertions should be accessible", t, func() {
So("asdf", ShouldStartWith, "a")
So("asdf", ShouldNotStartWith, "z")
So("asdf", ShouldEndWith, "df")
So("asdf", ShouldNotEndWith, "as")
So("", ShouldBeBlank)
So("asdf", ShouldNotBeBlank)
So("asdf", ShouldContainSubstring, "sd")
So("asdf", ShouldNotContainSubstring, "af")
})
Convey("Panic recovery assertions should be accessible", t, func() {
So(panics, ShouldPanic)
So(func() {}, ShouldNotPanic)
So(panics, ShouldPanicWith, "Goofy Gophers!")
So(panics, ShouldNotPanicWith, "Guileless Gophers!")
})
Convey("Type-checking assertions should be accessible", t, func() {
// NOTE: Values or pointers may be checked. If a value is passed,
// it will be cast as a pointer to the value to avoid cases where
// the struct being tested takes pointer receivers. Go allows values
// or pointers to be passed as receivers on methods with a value
// receiver, but only pointers on methods with pointer receivers.
// See:
// http://golang.org/doc/effective_go.html#pointers_vs_values
// http://golang.org/doc/effective_go.html#blank_implements
// http://blog.golang.org/laws-of-reflection
So(1, ShouldHaveSameTypeAs, 0)
So(1, ShouldNotHaveSameTypeAs, "1")
So(bytes.NewBufferString(""), ShouldImplement, (*io.Reader)(nil))
So("string", ShouldNotImplement, (*io.Reader)(nil))
})
Convey("Time assertions should be accessible", t, func() {
january1, _ := time.Parse(timeLayout, "2013-01-01 00:00")
january2, _ := time.Parse(timeLayout, "2013-01-02 00:00")
january3, _ := time.Parse(timeLayout, "2013-01-03 00:00")
january4, _ := time.Parse(timeLayout, "2013-01-04 00:00")
january5, _ := time.Parse(timeLayout, "2013-01-05 00:00")
oneDay, _ := time.ParseDuration("24h0m0s")
So(january1, ShouldHappenBefore, january4)
So(january1, ShouldHappenOnOrBefore, january1)
So(january2, ShouldHappenAfter, january1)
So(january2, ShouldHappenOnOrAfter, january2)
So(january3, ShouldHappenBetween, january2, january5)
So(january3, ShouldHappenOnOrBetween, january3, january5)
So(january1, ShouldNotHappenOnOrBetween, january2, january5)
So(january2, ShouldHappenWithin, oneDay, january3)
So(january5, ShouldNotHappenWithin, oneDay, january1)
So([]time.Time{january1, january2}, ShouldBeChronological)
})
}
type thing struct {
a string
}
func panics() {
panic("Goofy Gophers!")
}
const timeLayout = "2006-01-02 15:04"这边包含了很多断言的测试。
总结
在我看来，goconvey只是用来做一些简单的断言测试的，不能用来对函数打桩。简单测试可以，复杂点的测试需要和其他测试框架一起使用才能体现出测试效果。convey测试的小技巧，摘自下面的参考文章：
import goconvey包时，前面加点号"."，以减少冗余的代码
测试函数的名字必须以Test开头，而且参数类型必须为“*testing.T”
每个测试用例必须使用Convey函数包裹起来，推荐使用Convey语句的嵌套，即一个函数有一个测试函数，测试函数中嵌套两级Convey语句，第一级Convey语句对应测试函数，第二级Convey语句对应测试用例
Convey语句的第三个参数习惯以闭包的形式实现，在闭包中通过So语句完成断言
使用GoConvey框架的 Web 界面特性，作为命令行的补充
在适当的场景下使用SkipConvey函数或SkipSo函数
当测试中有需要时，可以定制断言函数
参考文章: [1]https://www.jianshu.com/p/e3b2b1194830 [2]https://www.yuque.com/fz420/golang/tcxft4
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